One of the important contributors to the Cognitive approach is Wolfgang Kohler. He founded the Gestalt Theory. Sometimes,Gestalt is synonymous to completeness or being whole.He focused on th active processes of insight. Another important person in the Cognitive Approach is Edward Chace Tolman. His work emphasizes trial and error when solving a problem.
Aspects of Cognitive Approach; Perception and Cognition, learning and memory and problem solving.
Perception refers to receiving of sensory inputs(recognition of stimulus) while cognition refers to the mental processes( recognition which involves memory). Learning is getting information while memory is considered as the storage for the information. There are different kinds of memory; recall, relearning and reviewing.
Problem solving is the process of overcoming an obstacle to achieve a goal. There are two kinds of problems- convergent and divergent. Convergent is a problem which has only one solution while Divergent has many possible solutions.
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